It is not possible to associate Safety records to condition tracked parent parts which is consistent with the rest of the application. In addition, you cannot use Safety tab while a parent part is selected to either create Safety records against part conditions (i.e., child parts) or view Safety records for all the part conditions.
You will, however, be able to associate Safety records to child parts directly. For example, select child part in list view and click Safety tab to associate safety records.
It will be considered for a future release to allow users to add/update Safety records for all part conditions (i.e., child parts) from the parent record.